P0431 is a standard OBDII trouble code, which means that it has the same meaning for the Buick Encore as it would any other vehicle. It is closely related to P0430 (which is one of the most popular OBDII codes).
Warm Up Catalyst Efficiency → Below Threshold (Bank 2)
When it’s the only trouble code present, P0431 will typically not affect the drivability of your Encore, as it is primarily an emissions related code.
This code affects “bank 2” which will be the side of the engine with the second cylinder in the firing order.
P0431 Symptoms: Buick Encore
There typically aren’t many symptoms associated with P0431. Here are the most common ones.
- Rough running engine at startup
- Check engine soon light
- Hard starting
Common Encore P0431 Causes
Here are some of the most common causes of P0431:
Catalytic Converter
A bad catalytic converter can throw this code. In fact, if you find this code with no other codes, it is highly likely the Cat or the exhaust system in general is the problem.
A visual inspection can be very telling. If you can safely take a look at the exhaust system, do it.
Here’s a great article on diagnosing a catalytic converter from Advance Auto Parts.
Spark Plugs
If your Encore has fouled or is fouling plugs, it may be most apparent at start up. Once the engine and plugs warm up its business as usual. Other ignition related components can cause the code as well (such as plug wires, coils, etc…).
O2 Sensors
If the Oxygen sensors are no longer reading properly, it can throw the P0431 code. A bad O2 sensor is one of the most common cause of this code.
The wiring going to and from oxygen sensors is more susceptible to damage than most other parts of your Encore’s wiring harness. This is due to its proximity to hot exhaust, as well as its position under the vehicle.
Here’s a great video on how to diagnose a bad oxygen sensor from Ratchets and Wrenches.
If you do need a new oxygen sensor, they are relatively inexpensive.
Conclusion
While a bad catalytic converter is the most common cause of P0431 in general, it’s a good idea to inspect and test the Oxygen Sensors and Ignition System before committing to that expensive repair for your Encore.
Good luck diagnosing. If there is anything you’d like to add, please leave a comment below.